61 / 96
2017
מאי
109
אדריכלות ישראלית
|
תבניות עיצוב
61
|
fact exist in every detail of nature led to the
study of order in nature by Plato, Pythagoras
and Empedocles, which led in turn to the
attempt to understand the principles of
growth, expressed (in modern times) by
the explorations of Scottish biologist Darcy
Wentworth Thompson who translated spiral
patterns of growth (morphogenesis) into
mathematical models; Benoit Mandelbrot
who developed the Fractal Theory -
repeated evolving structural patterns, based
on the research of Belgium physicist, Joseph
Plateau who formulated the principles of the
minimal surface of soap bubbles, in the 19th
century.
Based on these ideas, British mathematician
Alan Mathison Turing (1912-1954) later
developed the Turing Machine - the
decoding machine that broke the German
Enigma code during World War II, actually
formulating the modern computer prototype.
The act of definition is basic to any language
– whether verbal, physical, or spiritual.
Hence, its significance in architecture
is fundamental. An applied medium,
architecture is inherently based on the
definition of space, needs and solutions,
primarily those already tried in the past and
that have stood the test of time, thus evolving
into an integral part of design. Among these
are all the corner stones of design - such as
windows, doors, roofing and flooring etc.
Architectural theories naturally strive to
interpret phenotypical events through
universal genotypical rules, whether these
are based on a formal model (like CAD) or
on space organization (like Space Syntax
Theory). However, design patterns actually
dictate the whole design process. Thus, for
instance, the basic definition of a table is
“a raised surface usually supported by four
legs”. But not necessarily, because fewer
legs could do the work - or kind of support.
The preferential order of its components
stems first of all from its meaning, and
only afterwards from the way in which it is
raised, the materials from which it is made,
and finishing, according to its purpose: A
dining table, a living room table, or a work
table. Thus, the design pattern determines
the creative process, preferences, and as a
result, the meaning, form and context of its
components.
And in terms of architecture: the basic,
minimal need of a bedroom to be a bedroom
is the presence of a bed. This dictates in
turn the character of other components of
the room according to their importance -
cabinet, closets, chests of drawers, lighting,
and consequently - the openings in relation
to other parts of the house. If a master
bedroom, it will be remote for privacy, while
the children’s rooms will be together, with a
Classic Orders - meticulous design patterns conveying the image of a governmental building.
This page:
Supreme Court, Washington, designed in 1953 by Benjamin Henry.
Right page:
The Parthenon in Athens, built in the fifth century BC.